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Selasa, 30 November 2010

Types of Autism

Autism in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder R-IV is one of five types of disorders under the umbrella of PDD (Pervasive Development Disorder) outside of ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder). Perpasiv developmental disorder (PDD) is a term used to describe a group of developmental disorders under the (umbrella term) PDD,

1. Autistic Disorder (Autism) appears before age 3 years and demonstrated the existence of barriers to social interaction, communication and imaginative play skills and the presence of stereotyped behavior in the interests and activities.
2. Asperger's Syndrome Barriers to the development of social interaction and the presence of restricted interests and activities, generally do not show delays in language and speech, and has the intelligence level of an average to above average.
3. Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) refers to the term atypical autism, PDD-NOS diagnosis applies if a child does not show the overall criteria of a particular diagnosis (autism, Asperger's or Rett Syndrome).
4. Rett's syndrome more common in girls and is rare in boys. Had undergone a normal development ensued decline / loss of its ability; loss of functional ability is replaced with a moving hand waving hands repeatedly in the age range 1-4 years.
5. Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD) show normal development during the first 2 years of age the development and then suddenly loses the abilities that have been achieved previously.
Diagnosis of Pervasive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified Develompmental (PDD - NOS) is commonly used or used in the United States to explain the existence of some characteristics of autism in someone (Howlin, 1998: 79). National Information Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities (NICHCY) in the United States stated that the Autism and PDD - NOS is a developmental disorder that tends to have similar characteristics and symptoms appear before age 3 years. Both are neurological disorders that are affecting the ability to communicate, understand language, play and ability to relate to others. The inability to adapt to change and the responses are not fair to the sensory experience is often also linked to the symptoms of autism.

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